There an old man sat,smoking a pipe分析下

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There an old man sat,smoking a pipe分析下
There an old man sat,smoking a pipe分析下

There an old man sat,smoking a pipe分析下
知识点有二:
第一、这是一个现在分词做伴随状语的简单句.
在这个句子里,the old man做出来两个动作,一个是sat,一个是smoking,这两个动作是同时发出的,但一个句子中只能有一个谓语,所以另外一个就用伴随的方式出现.现在分词表主动,说明这个动作也是主语主动发出的.

做伴随状语的还可以是过去分词,但过去分词的动作不是主语发出来的,过去分词表被动,例如：
The master entered the room,followed by his dog.主人进了房,后面跟着他的狗.
（主人被狗跟着,过去分词表被动）

第二、这是一个倒装句,部分倒装.为了强调时间,地点,可将这些单词提前,其它句子成分次序不变,主要是主谓次序不变.按正常顺序应该是：
The old man sat there,smoking a pipe.
再如：Out rushed the girl.=the girl rushed out.

一位老人做在哪里，抽着烟，ing形式做定语。

主句是个倒装，地点状语前置，后面的smoking是现在分词引导的伴随状语从句。

那坐着个老头，正抽着烟。
这是个倒装句，正常语序是An old man sat there.
There finally comes the bus. 要等的公车终于到了。
The bus finally comes.
smoking 现在分词，表伴随的动作。

这是"There"开头的倒装句，后面"smoking a pipe"是现在分词短语作伴随状语

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